1- Dept. of Nursing, School of Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Deputy of Education and Research, Medical Center of the Iranian Red Crescent Society, Tehran, Iran
2- Dept. of Healthe Economics, School of Medicine, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran; Red Crescent Society of the Islamic Republic of Iran, Tehran, Iran
3- Red Crescent Society of the Islamic Republic of Iran, Research and Technology Office, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran
4- Corresponding author: Dept. of Nursing Critical Care, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Nursing and Midwifery Care Research Center, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran , bahramnezhad.f@gmail.com
Abstract: (1193 Views)
The recent war between Iran and Israel exemplifies modern hybrid warfare, combining traditional and emerging threats, including cyberattacks, psychological and informational warfare, and biological operations. The healthcare system, as a critical target in such conflicts, is highly vulnerable both humanly and digitally, and any disruption to its infrastructure or digital systems can have severe human, social, and economic consequences. Experiences from countries like Ukraine, and South Korea demonstrate that enhancing cyber, human, and managerial resilience in healthcare—including establishing backup facilities, multi-skill training, advanced cybersecurity, and rapid response protocols—is crucial to ensure continuity of medical services and minimize damage. Therefore, developing national policies and programs to strengthen the resilience of healthcare systems against hybrid threats is essential, as preparedness today guarantees the continuity of health tomorrow.