Journal of Hayat
حیات
Hayat
Medical Sciences
http://hayat.tums.ac.ir
1
admin
1735-2215
2008-188X
fa
jalali
1399
2
1
gregorian
2020
5
1
26
1
online
1
fulltext
fa
تأثیر گروه درمانی معنوی بر اضطراب مرگ سالمندان
The effect of spiritual group therapy on death anxiety in the elderly
مراقبتهاي پرستاري
Nursing Care
پژوهشي
Research
<strong><em><span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt;"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Yagut;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">زمینه و هدف: </span></span></span></span></em></strong><em><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Yagut;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">تجربه نزدیک شدن به مرگ یکی از واقعیت­های غیرقابل انکار دوران سالمندی است </span></span></span></em><em><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Yagut;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">که می­تواند</span></span></span></em> <em><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Yagut;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">باعث</span></span></span></em> <em><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Yagut;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">ترس</span></span></span></em> <em><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Yagut;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">و</span></span></span></em> <em><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Yagut;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">اضطراب</span></span></span></em> <em><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Yagut;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">سالمندان</span></span></span></em> <em><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Yagut;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">شود</span></span></span></em><em><span dir="LTR"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman,serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">.</span></span></span></span></em><em><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Yagut;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;"> با</span></span></span></em> <em><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Yagut;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">توجه</span></span></span></em> <em><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Yagut;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">به</span></span></span></em> <em><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Yagut;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">این که معنویت</span></span></span></em> <em><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Yagut;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">به</span></span></span></em> <em><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Yagut;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">عنوان</span></span></span></em> <em><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Yagut;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">یک</span></span></span></em> <em><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Yagut;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">پایگاه</span></span></span></em> <em><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Yagut;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">مستحکم</span></span></span></em> <em><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Yagut;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">می­تواند</span></span></span></em> <em><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Yagut;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">عامل</span></span></span></em> <em><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Yagut;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">قوی</span></span></span></em> <em><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Yagut;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">در</span></span></span></em> <em><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Yagut;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">کنترل</span></span></span></em> <em><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Yagut;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">شرایط</span></span></span></em> <em><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Yagut;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">پرتنش</span></span></span></em> <em><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Yagut;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">باشد،</span></span></span></em><em><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Yagut;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;"> این مطالعه با هدف تعیین تأثیر گروه درمانی معنوی بر میزان اضطراب مرگ سالمندان انجام گرفته است</span></span></span></em><em><span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt;"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Yagut;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">.</span></span></span></span></em><em><span dir="LTR" style="letter-spacing:-.2pt;"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman,serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;"></span></span></span></span></em><br>
<strong><em><span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt;"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Yagut;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">روش بررسی:</span></span></span></span></em></strong> <em><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Yagut;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">این مطالعه نیمه تجربی در مورد 50 نفر از سالمندان مراجعهکننده به مرکز روزانه سالمندان شهر علیآباد کتول (استان گلستان) در سال 1397 انجام گرفته است. نمونه­گیری به شیوه در دسترس انجام یافت و نمونهها با تخصیص تصادفی ساده در دو گروه آزمون و کنترل قرار گرفتند. گروه مداخله برنامه گروه درمانی معنوی را در 8 جلسه در طول 8 هفته دریافت نمودند. داده­ها با استفاده از پرسشنامه جمعیتشناختی و مقیاس اضطراب مرگ </span></span></span></em><em><span dir="LTR"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman,serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">Templer</span></span></span></span></em><em><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Yagut;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;"> جمع­آوری و در نرم­افزار </span></span></span></em><em><span dir="LTR"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman,serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">SPSS</span></span></span></span></em><em><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Yagut;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;"> نسخه 16 با استفاده از آزمون­های آماری تی­مستقل، تی­زوجی و آزمون کواریانس در سطح معناداری 05/0></span></span></span></em><em><span dir="LTR"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman,serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">p</span></span></span></span></em><em><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Yagut;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;"> تجزیه و تحلیل شد</span></span></span></em><em><span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt;"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Yagut;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">.</span></span></span></span></em><br>
<strong><em><span style="letter-spacing:-.3pt;"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Yagut;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">یافتهها</span></span></span></span></em></strong>: <em><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Yagut;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">میزان اضطراب مرگ قبل از مداخله در گروه مداخله و کنترل به ترتیب 67/3</span></span></span></em><em><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:Cambria,serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">±</span></span></span></em><em><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Yagut;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">36/7 و 65/1</span></span></span></em><em><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:Cambria,serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">±</span></span></span></em><em><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Yagut;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">32/7 بود که از نظر آماری اختلاف معناداری نداشت (961/0=</span></span></span></em><em><span dir="LTR"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman,serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">p</span></span></span></span></em><em><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Yagut;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">)، ولی بعد از مداخله میانگین اضطراب مرگ در گروه مداخله و کنترل به ترتیب 28/3</span></span></span></em><em><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:Cambria,serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">±</span></span></span></em><em><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Yagut;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">24/5 و 92/1+84/7 بود که از نظر آماری اختلاف معناداری داشت (001/0</span></span></span></em><em><span dir="LTR"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman,serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">p<</span></span></span></span></em><em><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Yagut;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">)</span></span></span></em><em><span style="letter-spacing:-.3pt;"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Yagut;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">.</span></span></span></span></em><br>
<strong><em><span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt;"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Yagut;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">نتیجهگیری: </span></span></span></span></em></strong><em><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Yagut;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">با توجه به نتایج به دست آمده، پیشنهاد می­شود زمینه­های لازم شرکت در فعالیت­های معنوی برای سالمندان فراهم شود، این مورد می­تواند در بهبود وضعیت روانشناختی سالمندان مؤثر باشد</span></span></span></em><em><span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt;"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Yagut;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">.</span></span></span></span></em><br>
<strong><em><span style="font-family:B Yagut;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">ثبت کارآزمایی بالینی: </span></span></em></strong><em><span dir="LTR"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman,serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">IRCT20181207041877N1</span></span></span></span></em><em><span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt;"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Yagut;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;"></span></span></span></span></em><br>
<strong>Background & Aim:</strong> The experience of approaching death is one of the undeniable facts of aging that can cause fear and anxiety in the elderly. Given that spirituality as a solid base can be a powerful factor in controlling tense situations, this study was conducted to examine the effect of spiritual group therapy on death anxiety in the elderly.<br>
<strong>Methods & Materials:</strong> This quasi-experimental study was conducted on 50 elderly people attending the elderly daily center in Aliabad Katoul (Golestan Province) in 2018. Sampling was done using the convenience method and participants were randomly assigned into either experimental- or control group. The experimental group received spiritual group therapy in 8 sessions within eight weeks. The data were collected using a demographic characteristics questionnaire and the Templer death anxiety scale. Using the SPSS software version 16, data were analyzed through independent <em>t</em>-test, paired <em>t</em>-test and covariance test at a significance level of less than 0.05.<br>
<strong>Results:</strong> The rate of death anxiety before the intervention in the experimental- and control group were 7.36<span dir="RTL">±</span>3.67 and 7.32<span dir="RTL">±</span>1.65 respectively, which did not show a statistically significant difference (<em>P</em>=0.961). After the intervention, the average score of death anxiety for the experimental group was 5.24<span dir="RTL">±</span>3.28 and for the control group was 7.84<span dir="RTL">±</span>1.92 which showed a statistically significant difference (<em>P</em><0.001).<br>
<strong>Conclusion:</strong> According to the results, it is recommended to provide the necessary conditions to the elderly to participate in spiritual activities, which can be effective in improving the psychological state of the elderly.<br>
<strong>Clinical trial registry: </strong>IRCT20181207041877N1<br>
اضطراب مرگ, سالمندان, گروه درمانی, معنوی
death anxiety, elderly, group therapy, spiritual
46
57
http://hayat.tums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-2796-2&slc_lang=fa&sid=1
Soudabeh
Aloustani
سودابه
آلوستانی
S_aloustani@ aliabadiau.ac.ir