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بررسی تأثیر آموزش مبتنی بر مدل بزنف بر اصلاح تغذیهای زنان 59-30 سال
Effect of an educational program based on BASNEF model on nutrition in women aged 30-59 years
مراقبتهاي پرستاري
Nursing Care
پژوهشي
Research
<strong><em><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b yagut;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">زمینه و هدف: </span></span></span></em></strong><em><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b yagut;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">سلامت زنان در دوران میانسالی از اهمیت ویژهای برخوردار است و سبک زندگی از جمله تغذیه سالم در آن تأثیر دارد. پژوهش حاضر با هدف تعیین تأثیر آموزش مبتنی بر مدل بزنف بر اصلاح تغذیهای زنان میانسال انجام گرفته است.</span></span></span></em><br>
<strong><em><span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt;"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b yagut;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">روش بررسی:</span></span></span></span></em></strong> <em><span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt;"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b yagut;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">این مطالعه کارآزمایی بالینی در مورد </span></span></span></span></em><em><span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt;"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b yagut;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">95</span></span></span></span></em><em><span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt;"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b yagut;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;"> نفر از زنان میانسال تحت پوشش مراکز بهداشتی- درمانی دانشگاه علوم پزشکی تهران در سال 1395 انجام یافت. ابزار گردآوری دادهها دو</span></span></span></span></em> <em><span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt;"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b yagut;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">پرسشنامه </span></span></span></span></em><em><span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt;"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b yagut;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">ویژگیهای جمعیت شناختی</span></span></span></span></em><em><span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt;"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b yagut;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;"> و سازههای مدل بزنف در زمینه رفتارهای تغذیهای در میانسالی بود که قبل و </span></span></span></span></em><em><span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt;"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b yagut;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">8</span></span></span></span></em><em><span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt;"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b yagut;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;"> هفته بعد از مداخله اجرا گردید. مداخله طی 3 جلسه یک ساعته انجام یافت. دادهها با استفاده از آمارهای توصیفی و آزمونهای </span></span></span></span></em><em><span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt;"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b yagut;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">کایاسکوئر و منویتنی </span></span></span></span></em><em><span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt;"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b yagut;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">در نرمافزار </span></span></span></span></em><em><span dir="LTR" style="letter-spacing:-.1pt;"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:times new roman,serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">SPSS</span></span></span></span></em><em><span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt;"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b yagut;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;"> نسخه 16 </span></span></span></span></em><em><span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt;"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b yagut;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">تحلیل شد.</span></span></span></span></em><br>
<strong><em><span style="letter-spacing:-.3pt;"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b yagut;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">یافتهها</span></span></span></span></em></strong>: <em><span style="letter-spacing:-.3pt;"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b yagut;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">قبل از مداخله دو گروه از نظر کلیه متغیرها و سازههای مدل بزنف در رفتارهای تغذیهای تفاوت معناداری نداشتند. بعد از مداخله در گروه مداخله، میانه و دامنه میان چارکی نمرات آگاهی 3</span></span></span></span></em><em><span style="letter-spacing:-.3pt;"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:cambria,serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">±</span></span></span></span></em><em><span style="letter-spacing:-.3pt;"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b yagut;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">10، نگرش 10</span></span></span></span></em><em><span style="letter-spacing:-.3pt;"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:cambria,serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">±</span></span></span></span></em><em><span style="letter-spacing:-.3pt;"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b yagut;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">38، هنجارهای انتزاعی 1</span></span></span></span></em><em><span style="letter-spacing:-.3pt;"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:cambria,serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">±</span></span></span></span></em><em><span style="letter-spacing:-.3pt;"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b yagut;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">3 و قصد رفتاری 1</span></span></span></span></em><em><span style="letter-spacing:-.3pt;"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:cambria,serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">±</span></span></span></span></em><em><span style="letter-spacing:-.3pt;"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b yagut;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">1 و در گروه کنترل نمرات آگاهی 2</span></span></span></span></em><em><span style="letter-spacing:-.3pt;"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:cambria,serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">±</span></span></span></span></em><em><span style="letter-spacing:-.3pt;"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b yagut;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">6، نگرش 5</span></span></span></span></em><em><span style="letter-spacing:-.3pt;"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:cambria,serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">±</span></span></span></span></em><em><span style="letter-spacing:-.3pt;"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b yagut;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">37، هنجارهای انتزاعی 1</span></span></span></span></em><em><span style="letter-spacing:-.3pt;"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:cambria,serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">±</span></span></span></span></em><em><span style="letter-spacing:-.3pt;"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b yagut;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">4 و قصد رفتاری 1</span></span></span></span></em><em><span style="letter-spacing:-.3pt;"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:cambria,serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">±</span></span></span></span></em><em><span style="letter-spacing:-.3pt;"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b yagut;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">1 بود و بین دو گروه تفاوت معناداری مشاهده شد (05/0></span></span></span></span></em><em><span dir="LTR" style="letter-spacing:-.3pt;"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:times new roman,serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">p</span></span></span></span></em><em><span style="letter-spacing:-.3pt;"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b yagut;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">).</span></span></span></span></em><em><span style="letter-spacing:-.3pt;"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b yagut;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;"> اما نمرات عوامل قادرساز بعد از مداخله در دو گروه آزمون (1</span></span></span></span></em><em><span style="letter-spacing:-.3pt;"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:cambria,serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">±</span></span></span></span></em><em><span style="letter-spacing:-.3pt;"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b yagut;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">3) و کنترل (1</span></span></span></span></em><em><span style="letter-spacing:-.3pt;"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:cambria,serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">±</span></span></span></span></em><em><span style="letter-spacing:-.3pt;"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b yagut;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">3) تفاوت معناداری را نشان نداد (4/0=</span></span></span></span></em><em><span dir="LTR" style="letter-spacing:-.3pt;"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:times new roman,serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">p</span></span></span></span></em><em><span style="letter-spacing:-.3pt;"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b yagut;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">)</span></span></span></span></em><em><span style="letter-spacing:-.3pt;"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b yagut;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">.</span></span></span></span></em><br>
<strong><em><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b yagut;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">نتیجهگیری: </span></span></span></em></strong><em><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:b yagut;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">اجرای برنامه آموزشی مبتنی بر مدل بزنف میتواند علاوه بر ارتقای آگاهی و نگرش زنان میانسال در مورد تغذیه سالم، قصد رفتاری آنها را نیز اصلاح کند.</span></span></span></em><br>
<strong><em><span style="font-family:b yagut;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">ثبت کارآزمایی بالینی:</span></span></em></strong> <em><span dir="LTR" style="letter-spacing:-.3pt;"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:times new roman,serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">IRCT2016042427566N1</span></span></span></span></em><br>
<strong>Background & Aim:</strong> Women's health is important in middle age, and lifestyle, including healthy eating, has an impact on it. This research was aimed to determine the effect of an educational program based on BASNEF model on nutrition in middle-aged women.<br>
<strong>Methods & Materials:</strong> This clinical trial was conducted on 95 women under coverage of the healthcare centers affiliated to Tehran University of Medical Sciences in 2016. The demographic characterizes and the BASNEF constructs regarding nutritional behavior were measured by questionnaire before and eight weeks after the intervention. The intervention was performed in three one-hour sessions. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, Chi-square and Mann-Whitney U tests using the SPSS software version 16.<br>
<strong>Results:</strong> Before the intervention, both groups had not any significant differences in all variables and constructs. After the intervention, in the experimental group, the median and interquartile range were 10±3 for knowledge, 38±10 for attitude, 3±1 for subjective norms and 1±1 for behavioral intention. But in the control group, the scores were 6±2 for knowledge, 37±5 for attitude, 4±1 for subjective norms and 1±1 for behavioral intention. There was a significant difference between the two groups (<em>P</em>˂0.05). However, the scores of enabling factors were not significantly different between the two groups of intervention (3±1) and control (3±1) (<em>P</em>=0.4).<br>
<strong>Conclusion:</strong> Designing and implementing the educational program based on BASNEF model not only can improve the knowledge and attitude about healthy nutrition in middle-aged women, but also modify their behavioral intention.<br>
<strong>Clinical trial registry: </strong>IRCT2016042427566N1<br>
مدل بزنف, زنان, میانسالان, تغذیه
BASNEF model, women, middle age, nutrition
310
321
http://hayat.tums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-519-4&slc_lang=fa&sid=1
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