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تأثیر برنامه آموزشی حمایتی گروهی بر فشار مراقبتی مادران کودکان مبتلا به تالاسمی ماژور
The impact of a group supportive training on caregiving burden in the mothers of children with thalassemia major
مراقبتهاي پرستاري
Nursing Care
پژوهشي
Research
<p dir="RTL" style="text-align:justify;text-justify:kashida;text-kashida:0%;direction:rtl;unicode-bidi:embed;"><strong><em><span style="font-family:b yagut;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">زمینه و هدف: </span></span></em></strong><em><span style="font-family:b yagut;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">ارتقای سلامت روان </span></span></em><em><span style="font-family:b yagut;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">مادران کودکان مبتلا به تالاسمی ماژور</span></span></em><em><span style="font-family:b yagut;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;"> که فشار</span></span></em> <em><span style="font-family:b yagut;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">مراقبتی زیادی را متحمل میشوند، </span></span></em><em><span style="font-family:b yagut;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">نیازمند تدوین و اجرای برنامههای آموزشی حمایتی مؤثر و کارآمد است،</span></span></em> <em><span style="font-family:b yagut;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">لذا پژوهش حاضر</span></span></em> <em><span style="font-family:b yagut;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">با هدف</span></span></em><em><span style="font-family:b yagut;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;"> تعیین تأثیر برنامه آموزشی حمایتی گروهی بر فشار</span></span></em> <em><span style="font-family:b yagut;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">مراقبتی مادران کودکان مبتلا به تالاسمی ماژور انجام یافته است</span></span></em><em><span style="font-family:b yagut;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">.</span></span></em></p>
<p dir="RTL" style="text-align:justify;text-justify:kashida;text-kashida:0%;direction:rtl;unicode-bidi:embed;"><strong><em><span style="font-family:b yagut;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">روش بررسی:</span></span></em></strong> <em><span style="font-family:b yagut;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">این </span></span></em><em><span style="font-family:b yagut;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">مطالعه </span></span></em><em><span style="font-family:b yagut;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">نیمه تجربی </span></span></em><em><span style="font-family:b yagut;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">(</span></span></em><em><span dir="LTR"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">IRCT2016122731612N1</span></span></em><em><span style="font-family:b yagut;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">) </span></span></em><em><span style="font-family:b yagut;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">در مورد 80 مادر کودک مبتلا به تالاسمی مراجعهکننده به بیمارستان علیاصغر شهر زاهدان در تابستان 1395 </span></span></em><em><span style="font-family:b yagut;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">ا</span></span></em><em><span style="font-family:b yagut;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">نجام یافته است</span></span></em><em><span style="font-family:b yagut;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">. </span></span></em><em><span style="font-family:b yagut;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">مادران </span></span></em><em><span style="font-family:b yagut;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">به شیوه در دسترس انتخاب و </span></span></em><em><span style="font-family:b yagut;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">در</span></span></em> <em><span style="font-family:b yagut;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">دو</span></span></em> <em><span style="font-family:b yagut;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">گروه 40 نفره </span></span></em><em><span style="font-family:b yagut;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">مداخله و شاهد </span></span></em><em><span style="font-family:b yagut;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">قرار</span></span></em> <em><span style="font-family:b yagut;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">گرفتند. گروه مداخله چهار جلسه آموزش حمایتی</span></span></em> <em><span style="font-family:b yagut;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">را</span></span></em> <em><span style="font-family:b yagut;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">طی</span></span></em> <em><span style="font-family:b yagut;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">چهار هفته دریافت نمود.</span></span></em><em><span style="font-family:b yagut;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;"> دادهها با استفاده از ابزار فشار</span></span></em> <em><span style="font-family:b yagut;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">مراقبتی گردآوری</span></span></em><em><span style="font-family:b yagut;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;"> شد. </span></span></em><em><span style="font-family:b yagut;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">تحلیل دادهها در نرمافزار </span></span></em><em><span dir="LTR"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">SPSS</span></span></em><em><span style="font-family:b yagut;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;"> نسخه 21 و با استفاده از آزمونهای آماری تیمستقل، تیزوجی و تحلیل کوواریانس انجام یافت</span></span></em><em><span style="font-family:b yagut;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">.</span></span></em></p>
<p dir="RTL" style="text-align:justify;text-justify:kashida;text-kashida:0%;direction:rtl;unicode-bidi:embed;"><strong><em><span style="font-family:b yagut;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">یافتهها</span></span></em></strong>: <em><span style="font-family:b yagut;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">میانگین نمره کل فشار</span></span></em> <em><span style="font-family:b yagut;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">مراقبتی</span></span></em><em><span style="font-family:b yagut;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;"> مادران </span></span></em><em><span style="font-family:b yagut;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">قبل از </span></span></em><em><span style="font-family:b yagut;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">آموزش</span></span></em> <em><span style="font-family:b yagut;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">در</span></span></em> <em><span style="font-family:b yagut;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">گروه مداخله و شاهد به ترتیب 55/13</span></span></em><em><span dir="LTR"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">±</span></span></em><em><span style="font-family:b yagut;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">60/86</span></span></em> <em><span style="font-family:b yagut;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">، 54/8</span></span></em><em><span dir="LTR"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">±</span></span></em><em><span style="font-family:b yagut;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">37/92 و بعد از مداخله به ترتیب 90/9</span></span></em><em><span dir="LTR"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">±</span></span></em><em><span style="font-family:b yagut;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">62/59 ، 83/5</span></span></em><em><span dir="LTR"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">±</span></span></em><em><span style="font-family:b yagut;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">57/89 بود. همچنین</span></span></em><em><span style="font-family:b yagut;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;"> نمره </span></span></em><em><span style="font-family:b yagut;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">فشار</span></span></em> <em><span style="font-family:b yagut;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">مراقبتی مادران</span></span></em><em><span style="font-family:b yagut;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;"> در</span></span></em> <em><span style="font-family:b yagut;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">پنج بعد </span></span></em><em><span style="font-family:b yagut;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">زمانی</span></span></em><em><span style="font-family:b yagut;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">، </span></span></em><em><span style="font-family:b yagut;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">تکاملی</span></span></em><em><span style="font-family:b yagut;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">،</span></span></em><em><span style="font-family:b yagut;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;"> جسمانی</span></span></em><em><span style="font-family:b yagut;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;"> ، </span></span></em><em><span style="font-family:b yagut;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">اجتماعی و احساسی </span></span></em><em><span style="font-family:b yagut;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">در گروه مداخله</span></span></em> <em><span style="font-family:b yagut;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">به طور معناداری کمتر از گروه شاهد بود </span></span></em><em><span style="font-family:b yagut;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">(05/0</span></span></em><em><span style="font-family:b yagut;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">></span></span></em><em><span dir="LTR"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">p</span></span></em><em><span style="font-family:b yagut;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">).</span></span></em></p>
<p dir="RTL" style="text-align:justify;text-justify:kashida;text-kashida:0%;direction:rtl;unicode-bidi:embed;"><strong><em><span style="font-family:b yagut;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">نتیجهگیری: </span></span></em></strong><em><span style="font-family:b yagut;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">یافتهها نشان داد ارایه </span></span></em><em><span style="font-family:b yagut;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">برنامه </span></span></em><em><span style="font-family:b yagut;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">آموزشی حمایتی گروهی</span></span></em><em><span style="font-family:b yagut;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;"> منجر به کاهش فشار</span></span></em> <em><span style="font-family:b yagut;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">مراقبتی مادران کودکان مبتلا به تالاسمی میشود</span></span></em><em><span style="font-family:b yagut;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">. </span></span></em><em><span style="font-family:b yagut;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">بنابراین استفاده از</span></span></em><em><span style="font-family:b yagut;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;"> این برنامه میتواند یک روش مؤثر در کاهش فشار</span></span></em> <em><span style="font-family:b yagut;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">مراقبتی مادران باشد. لذا این برنامه را میتوان در مراکز درمانی، جهت حفظ و </span></span></em><em><span style="font-family:b yagut;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">ارتقای سلامت روان مادران مورد استفاده قرار داد</span></span></em><em><span style="font-family:b yagut;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">.</span></span></em></p>
<p dir="RTL" style="text-align:justify;text-justify:kashida;text-kashida:0%;direction:rtl;unicode-bidi:embed;"></p>
<p><strong>Background & Aim:</strong> Improving the mental health of mothers of children with thalassemia major who experience great caregiving burden, requires an efficient supportive training to be developed and implemented. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the impact of a group supportive training on caregiving burden in the mothers of children with thalassemia major.</p>
<p><strong>Methods & Materials:</strong> A quasi-experimental study (IRCT2016122731612N1) was conducted on 80 mothers of children with thalassemia, referred to Aliasghar hospital in Zahedan in summer 2016. The mothers were selected through convenience sampling method and divided into two intervention and control groups of 40 each. The intervention group received four sessions of supportive training during four weeks. Data were collected by the Caregiver Burden Inventory. SPSS version 21 and independent t test, paired <em>t</em>-test and the analysis of covariance were used to analyze the data.</p>
<p><strong>Results:</strong> The mean score of caregiving burden before training in the intervention and control groups were respectively, 86.60±13.55 and 92.37±8.54 and declined to 59.62±9.90 and 89.57±5.83 after the intervention. Furthermore, The caregiving burden score in five dimensions including temporal, developmental, physical, social and emotional was significantly lower in the intervention group than in the control group (<em>P</em><0.05).</p>
<p><strong>Conclusion:</strong> The findings showed that collective supportive training leads to a decrease in caregiving burden in the mothers of children with thalassemia. Thus, this training could be an effective method in reducing the mothers’ caregiving burden. This program could be used in health centers in order to maintain and improve the mental health of mothers.</p>
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آموزشی حمایتی, فشار مراقبتی, تالاسمی ماژور, مادران
supportive training, caregiving burden, thalassemia major, mothers
126
137
http://hayat.tums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-403-7&slc_lang=fa&sid=1
Nasrin
Rezaee
نسرین
رضائی
nasrin_rezaee2005@yahoo.com